Surgeons can perform minimally invasive and uncomplicated procedures that last just a few minutes, or invasive and complicated surgeries that can take several hours. Since human life is at risk, surgeons must be alert, prepared for all types of emergency situations, and be able to carry out lifesaving always at any time during an operation.
Surgical procedures are typically categorized by urgency, type of procedure, body system involved, and the degree of invasiveness. Elective surgery involves a non-life-threatening condition and is usually done by appointment depending on the surgeon’s availability. Semi-elective surgery is done to avoid permanent disability or death, but can be put off for a short time. Emergency surgery must be done quickly to save life, limb, or functional capacity. Exploratory surgery is done to help in confirming a diagnosis. Therapeutic surgery deals with a previously diagnosed condition. Cosmetic surgery is done to improve the appearance of an otherwise normal structure.
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